VAIPHEI LITERATURE CHANCHIN
By: Henzagen Vaiphei, B.A. L.L.B, Chairman, Vaiphei Literature Society
VAIPHEI LITERATURE
Vaiphei Literature history hih Thangkai leh Lungpau chanchin ah pat ngai a hi ziak in, chawmkim tak in, lekha hia masa pen a hi danu vak taklang hi tiu. 1907 kum ah kial a tun ziak in nek ding a um ta pua’n. tichun, Thangkai leh Lungpau chuh, Sinzawl ah anchang pua ding in a lah chiau hi. A mun a tun phatu’n, anchang hawmte chun ‘La vaigei tau, zing leh hungu’n’ ti’n a minu a lah khum piaku hi.. A zing ah a minu a hun ko phatu’n, mak a sa ma mau hi. Zani ah kigen gual gual, bang ti a hiat den theiu a hi dia aw, ti’n mak a sau hi. Lekha a hiat nawp ziaku’n Aizawl ah lekha sim ding in a kuan tau hi. Chuti’n, lekha hun sim to pek in, a paniu in class II a hun zo gel tau hi.Thangkai leh Lungpaute ni hih Zillai masa pen, lekha hia masa pen a hung hi tau hi. Lekha sim ah a chianau in literature leh Pathian thu,hukhinna le a hun kinei tau hi. Chuti;n,Vaiphei literature masa pen, ‘Naupang Thu Kisâng’ 1913; ‘Chanchinpha Johan ziak(1917); Labute; I Lalpau leh Hukdampa,Jesu Kris Thuthung Thak, Bible;Pathian Lekhabu Thingtho,Holy Bible; tite a ban a ban in,Vaiphei literature a hung tam deu deu ta’i. Tu chan ah Vaiphei Literature 450 vel a ting ta’i.
LITERATURE THIL HITHEINA
Literature minthang pathum,(i): Thomas Hobbs ziak, ‘Levaithan’(1651); John Locke ziak, ‘The treaties of civil government’;(1690) leh, JJ Rousseu ziak, ‘The social contract’;(1762)tite hin, Leng leh Lalte(King, Monarch and Dictator) hin, “Gam khat sung ah thuneina sang pên nei ah a thu thuu ah mipi chung ah vai a hawmu a dik pua’i, a mau hih mipi suak nasem ding a hi zawu hi. Thuneina sâng pen chuh mipite khut ah um ding a hi zaw’i,” ti thu a lah ziaku hi. Zia literature thumte hin mipi lungthim nasa tak ah a thuzaw ziak in, revolution(helna) thupi tak takte, England ah Glorious Revolution, French ah French Revolution(1789)kitite a lah um hi. Frans Lengpa’n, zia helna sukthipna ding in sepai leh meichang mangcha maleh a nang zo pua’i. Mipite a hung sosâng phatu’n Lengpa a lau ta’n, gam dang in a zâmmang ta’i. Zia hih khawvel ah lêng leh lalte kiak kipatna a lah hi ta hi. Zia hin a etsak chuh, “Pen hih chemsâu(sword) sâng in a hât zaw’i” ti hih a hi’i. (ii) Pathian thu a hing ah, thil a hi thei ah,chemsau hiamtua sang in le a hiam zaw’h..Heb.4(iii) Plato in Communism phatna,”Republic” kiti lekhabu ah a ziak ah, Aritotle in Capitalism phat dan, “Politics” kiti lekhabu khat a ziak ah,ziate ni hin khawvel pumpi, EASTERN BLOCK leh WESTERN BLOCK in a khendan zo hi.(iv) Literature hih a hangsan pen mi lian leh lal pente kiang ah le lut ngam lona nei lo a hi:’i
TRIBAL LITERATURE
1960s kum vel in, Lamka ah Pu Luansum building chung ah Tribal leaders haw, Tribal literature School subject ah mat ding chungchang thu gen khawmna a la um hi. Chuleh, 1972 kum vel in, Pu Thianlam Vaiphei, Inspector of Schools convene bawlna nuai in Imphal Circuit House ah zia thu mama hih gen khawmna a um kit hi. Vaiphei mi kuama a pan lo ziak in leh, literature ka ngaikhawkna ziak in ka va pang sek hi. Zia meeting panite ah hin, Non-Naga Tribal leaderten MIL chuh nam lian pali- Hmar, Paite, Thadou-Kuki leh Mizo tite bep hih introduce bawl ding in phutna a lah nei seku hi. Nam neu dangte haw hin, subject kisiam daw zo pua’n tinu, chuleh, exam system ah le complicacy um in a ti in. Himaleh, Circuit house ah Central Government ah kipat Expert hungpa chun hi ti.n a gen hi, “Constitution ah minority language zosia safeguard bawlna ding provision a um ziak in, nam neute chu kipai tha thei pua’n tin, subject a kisiam daw thei phawtu leh, a kisuk daw zaw lo ua leh le, Government in cyclostyle bek in kibawl piak in tin, examna in le complicacy bangma um pua’n a, zia ziak ah chun, subject siam thei zosia in subject a lah kisaimu’n lah, Government kiang in information a lah pia leu chin a kichai a hi ziang hi”.
Zia ni ah kipat hin, Vaiphei MIL nei thei leh subject ah introduce bawl thei a hi ti hiatna ka hun nei ta hi. Zia â ding ah ‘Vaiphei Literature Society’ khat siam kûl leh pawimaw le ka hun sa ta’i. VLS phu leh enkawl ding in, teacher haw hih kilawm leh hi thei pên ding ah ka ginchat ziak in, ka U (L) Suankholam Vaiphei, Lingsiphai JB/Jr High school teacher kiang in zia gual khat chuh hun bawl dawk ding in ka phut ngal hi. Zia dungzui in ama in le, ‘Vaiphei Literature Society’ chuh a lah phudawk ngei hi ti hiat theina chuh, Jan 1973 kum ah Dr Th Lamboi Vaiphei in a ziak, English Grammar(In Vaiphei) ti lekhabu hih, for Vaiphei Literature Society ti thu a chuansak ziak in, Vaiphei Literature Society chuh 1972 kum ah a lah kiphu hi ngei ding in ginchat a um hi. VLS Chairman masa pen a hi leh Suankhawlam, chuleh Secretary masa pen Dr Th Lamboi Vaiphei a hiu ti hiat a hi. A hi’n lah record lui et thei a um lo ziak in, bang chan a lah puaku, bang gual activities a lah neiu em ti hiat a hi pua hi.
1994 kum ah Rev P. Kappa Vaiphei in Holy Bible a ledaw lai in, Vaiphei pau mat di dan a lah kigen khawm sek ah, a hi’nlah, zia gual thu hih Literature Society dawt bul thei ding a lah um lo ziak in, Vaiphei Literature Society khat siam thak ding ngaikhawkna ziak in, EOC Secretariat, D Phailian ah, 29/08/1994 ni in meeting khat K. Kama Vaiphei tawh convene bawl a lah hi. Zia ni ah VLS committee member ding ah kitelte a hi leh:
1) Rev Khupkhawthang -Chairman
2) Henzagen Vaiphei -V.Chairman
3) K. Kama -Secretary
4) Th Khamneithang -Asst Secretary
5) S Tinlal -Finance Secretary
6) Rev Kamlam -Treasurer
7) Rev Khaizakham -Member
8) Rev P. Kappa -Member
9) Rev Dr Th Lamboi Vaiphei -Member
10) Rev Haulalven -Member
11) H.K Siama -Member
12) Ch Kamkhanpau -Member
Zia thil kibawl hih nam thil a hi ziak in, VNO(Vaiphei National Organisation) hiatsak pha’n a ti in hiatsakna a kipia’i. VNO in a ngaikhawk ziak in, VNO nuai ah bâk(branch) khat dan in VLS chuh a la lut ngal ta’i. Chairman ding in Henzagen Vaiphei, V.Chairman ding in Rev Khupkhawthang ti in a hun sangu hi. A hi’n lah, VNO sung ah VNO Secretary Literature & Religion in VLS Chairmanship tu hen ti ngai dan a um ziak in, Pu Haulal Vaiphei chuh 5/12/95 ni in VLS Chairman ding in kawi in a hung um hi. Himaleh, chawmkhat zaw, 30/9/96 ni in VNO in VLS committee a hung sukbei kit ta’i. Rev P Kapa Vaiphei chuh VLS committee hun siam thak ding in VNO in a hun ngansia hi. Tichun, KSP hall, Tuibuang ah 12/10/96 ni in VLS committee thak siam a hi’i.
* Henzagen Vaiphei -Chairman
* Rev P Kapa Vaiphei -Secretary
Zia committee hin school subject, class I-V tiang siam ding thupukna a siam ah, a nuai ahte guat a hiu hi.
1. Pu L Thanglet - Language subject
2. Dr Lalkhokam - Social science & Health
3 Henzagen Vaiphei - Mathematics
Social science & Health subject leh Mathematics lekhabu a kizo man ah, 1997 kum ah Churachanpur buaina a hung um tak ziak in VLS chuh na sem zawm thei lo in kum ni vai a lah um hi.
VLS AUTONOMOUS BODY HUNG HINA
Churachandpur buaina a hung thial phat in, VNO in VLS chuh suhing kitt ding in ei chial ah, chuleh, VLS chuh Autonomous body hi ta ding in hiatsakna le a hun bawl hi, (vide letter No.14/VNO/Lit/96 dated 25/02/99). Zia dungzui ah chun, 20/04/99 ni’n meeting convene a kibawl ah, VLS working committee siam thak a hi.
* Kaihau Vaiphei IDAS - Chairman
* Tongneilal - Secretary
VLS REGISTERED KIBAWLNA
Pu Kaihau Vaiphei, IDAS a pan sung in, 1999 ah VLS chuh Government ah Registered bawl a hi.(Vide Register No.88/M/SR/1999 dated 28/05/99. A hi’n lah, Pu Kaihau Vaiphei IDAS a kichâwn ziak in ei nusia kit pai ta’i.
Tuni tiang ah VLS Committee puitu (1999-2002)
Henzagen Vaiphei - Chairman
Tongneilal - Secretary
(2002-2007)
Henzagen Vaiphei - Chairman
Rev P Kamlam - V Chairman
Tongneilal - Secretary
(2007-2010)
Henzagen Vaiphei - Chairman
Rev P Kamlam - V Chairman
Tongneilal - Secretary
(2010-2014)
Henzagen Vaiphei - Chairman
Liankhawthang - V Chairman
Tongneilal - Secretary
June 1999 ah kipat, VLS in class I to VIII chan â ding, Vaiphei pau subject guanggalna a nuai ah gual hih a hi.
Class I Naupang Thuzilbu Thangzadam
ClassII Naupang Vaiphei Pau Zillai bu Henzagen
ClassIII Naupang Vaiphei pau zilna Liankhawthang
Class IV Vaiphei Reader Khaithianlal
Class V Vaiphei pau zillai bu Songlianthang
Class VI Naupang Vaiphei pau zillai Khaineimang
Class VII Vaiphei pau zilna bu T Thanga
Class VIII Zillai Tilkhona Lamkhogin Khaute
A chung ah kingansiate hin tawmngai tak in a hun siam zo tau hi.
A chung ah Textbookte sukna ding, sum mamaw ding a hi ziak in, 12/07/2003 ni in, Synod Hall CCpur ah VLS Consultation Meetingna in ‘Fund Raising Committee’ khat a lah kisiam ah, zia Committee tawmngaina zâl in Textbook, Class I-VIII chan â ding Demi copy 5 chiat sukdaw a lah hi. MIL Subject/Textbook ding chuh Board of Secondary Education Manipur in approve a bawl ngai a hi ziak in, zia chuh a kingaitua pan ngâl hi. Hi maleh, BOSEM in Language(Vaiphei pau) chuh Manipur Govt. in recognition(hiatpina) a bawl masat ngai a hi’i, a ti phat in, Vaiphei pau Recognition dawtna lekha chuh, Directorate of Education(S) ah, April 2002 in piak lut a hi’i. Tichun, Secretariat leh Director of Education(S), Lamphel kikâl ah, file a hung kidel pan ta’i.
Pau recognition bawlna ding in, a nuai ah thilte hih pawimaw ding a tiu ah, ziate chuh:
1) Population a tawm pen ah 10000 hi ding,
2) Vaiphei pau ah lekhabu kisua zosia piak lut ding,
3) Vaiphei school naupang kai theina school min zosia (Manipur sung ah) a list piak ding,
4) Tu le tu ah Vaiphei school naupang zillai class I ah kipat class X chan sim zat a list,tite.
Population zât a hi leh Cencus Dept. ah record a va kihawl dawk in, 45000 ti tuam ah siam a hi’i. Vaiphei pau ah lekhabu kisua zosia a hi leh Secretarypa tawh ka chawm khawmu in, bu 300 vai a hi’i. Zia chuh Bharat Singh, Cabinet Secretary kiang in ka va thak lutu’i. School zât leh zillai naupang zât(Cl I-X) a hi leh Zillaite a kingansia ah, a kingansia gual in a hun sukbutit ziaku in kipak a um ma ma hi. Tichun, thil pawimaw zosia, Cabinet Secretary kiang ah a tun phat in, Cabinet Memo a siam in, Cabinet ah ngaitua ding in a pialut tai.
Cabinet meeting: Cabinet Secretary in Cabinet Memo a puaklut dungzui in Vaiphei Pau Recognise bawl di thu zingkal lam ah meeting a neinau ah chun, bawl ding in lem sa maleu, nitak lam ah chun, zia hun ah Tribal Welfare Minister chun keiu, Tribal Welfare Departmentte lei dawng puau hi, a ti(objection) ziak in cabinet thupukna chuh a chia zawm thei ta pua’i. Zia phat ah chun, Tribal Welfare Dept lam ah kitai kit in, a kisuveng kit ta’i.
RECOGNITION MUNA
Cabinet Meeting a niveina in, a nuai ah Order dunzui in, Vaiphei Pau chuh Recognised bawl a hung hi ta’i. G/M, Secretariat, Education Department School Section, ORDER BY THE GOVERNOR NO.18/5/2002-SE(S) LD/PT dated Imphal the 19th September, 2005. Zia order hin, Manipur Governor in Vaiphei Pau hih thingtang pau pakhat a hi’n, lekha zilna leh examna ah Class (pawl) V tiang Manipur Schoolte ah mat ding ti’n recognise a bawl hi ti’n a sua hi. Zia recognition order hih Manipur Gazzettet No 30, Imphal, Wednessday, October 20, 2005 ah le a kisua hi. Vaiphei Pau recognition chuh 14/11/05ni in Pu Thangso Baite, MLA Qtr., Lamphel in lawpna a la kibawl hi.
Vaiphei Pau recognition kimu hih Vaiphei khangthu ah thil teptekham a hi. zia muna ding pan hun la zosia chung in i kipak a hi. Zia a ding ah hin Pu Thangso Baite, MLA leh Pu T. Manga Vaiphei, MLA teni inle pan ei lak piu a, chuleh, Zillai ten le ei kithuapi ziak un a chung un i kipak a hi.
POST RECOGNITION
Vaiphei MIL mat PATna ding ah dawtna
Language recognition a kimu zaw phat in, Nov 2005 sung ma ma in BOSEM kiang ah Vaiphei (MIL)chu Class V tiang introduce ei bawl piak un ti dawtna a kibawl ngal ah. Zia hun ah BOSEM Secretary, A Sarat Kumar Sharma leh Controller of Examination, L Raj Mohan Singhte chuh VLS Secretary Tongneilal Vaiphei melhiat a lah hi ziaku’n ei lah ngaikhawk ma mau hi.
Class V tiang chuh Govt in a phal a hi ta’n, a chung lam Class VI to X la dawiu leh keiu thuneina a hi’n, hun phal piak ngal thei di ka hiu a ti ziaku’n dawtna a kipia, phalna a kimu ngal hi.
SUBJECT - SYLLABUS AND CURRICULUM
Vaiphei (MIL) chuh 2006 kum ah kipat mat pat ngal a kiut ah, a hi’nlah, Class I to X chan textbook chuh kuan siam ah, bangti suk di a h’em lungkham a um kit ta’i. Eima’n kisiam ding ti chu lah kum 2/3 tiang bêk lut ding a hi. Tichun, 2006 ah kipat Class IX leh X bêk, Vaiphei MIL ah nei kin di utna ziak in, BOSEM textbookte chuh Vaiphei pau ah ledaw ah mat ding phalna kidawn mai hen ti in a la kidawn ah, ei phal piak dungzui in a kilet ah a kimang ngal ta’i.
Vaiphei MIL for Class I to VIII chan â ding, tawmnagi ah textbook hun lettute a hiu leh:
Lamkholal, Thangzadam, Khaikap Khaute, Thawngkhanlian, Songlianthang, TP Gensiamlal, S .Bela, Henzagen Vaiphei. Chuleh, Vaiphei MIL, Class IX & X â ding tawmngai ah hun lettute: Liankhawthang, S.Prim Vaiphei, Hauthianthang, Avei, Khaikap Khaute, Tawngneilal, TP Gensiamlal, S.Thangcha, Lamkholal, Kaihau Vaiphei, L.Thanglet, Remlalthang, Rev P.Kappa Vaiphei, Henzagen Vaiphei a hiu hi.
Textbook 21te drafting, writing, compilation, leh editing tite a kizaw in, BOSEM kiang in a kipialut ah, zia draft haw approve ei bawl piaknau leh BOSEM ah introduce bawlna BOSEM in Notification No/Textbook/TD/97 dated 14th Dec 2005 ni in ei sua piak tau hi. Zia Notification dungzui ah chun, subject draft zosia ei pawm piak ban in, Class IX chuh 2006 ah introduce bawl pat thei ding leh, Class X chuh 2007 leh introduce bawl thei ding in ei sua piak tau hi.
Textbook sukna ding in Finance Committee a kisaim kit ah himaleh, mipi kipat ah thatnawpna leh tawmngaina a tâksap ziak ah class I -X textbook 21 sukna ding ah class I text book pakhat sukna ding ziang le a kidawl daw zo lo ah a kilawsap phat in, keima mimal sum in Class IX leh X ah mat ding Vaiphei pau matdan & thuphuak(Vaiphei Grammar & Composition) lekhabu khat leh Class X lekhabu ni :(1) Vaiphei pau pakvul telkhawm leh (2) Vaiphei pau suikhawm hi tiu tite hih ka su ta’i. Class IX a ding lekhabu pani (1) Vaiphei pau pakvul telkhawm leh (2) Vaiphei pau suikhawm hitiu ti tegel a hi leh, Genneikhup in tawmngai sua in ei suk piak ta’i. Zia a chung ah lekhabu kisute hih tuni tiang chan ah kimang nalai a hi’i.
WORKSHOP ON EVALUATION
Vaiphei MIL introduce a kibawl phat in, Boardte guideline dungzui ah Question Set leh Answer Checkte kibawl a hung ngai ziak in, HSLC Technique of Evaluation & Paper Setting training chuh 24th to 26th April 2007 ah TG Hr Secondary school in a la um hi. Zia workshop ah pang ding VLS in a nuai ahte a la sawl hi.
(1) Kamkhozuan (2) C.Luna (3) Liankhawthang (4)Thangzadam (5) Kap Banyan (6) Nenglalthamuan
VAIPHEI (MIL) CLASS XI & XII
Vaiphei MIL chuh Class I to IX leh X tiang introduce a kibawl zaw phat in, 2009 ah Class XI & XII introduce bawl theina ding in, Director of Education(S) ah No Objection Certificate(NOC) dawtna lekha 25/05/2007 ni’n a kipialut kit hi. Tichun, Secretariat sung ah, recognition ding a kidel lai gual in, LDC ah kipat Commissioner tiang chuh, vêl bang zât a h’em file a kidel zui kit ta’i. Zia gualma ah chun, Directorate ah LDC ah kipat Jt Director tiang a kitai lumlet kit hi. Tha leh zung, hun leh sum bangzat a h’em sên nung in Deputy Secretary Education Dept. Secretariat ah kipat in phalna NOC chuh letter No 20/1/07-SE-S dated 25/4/2009 ni’n ei hun pia tau hi.
NOC letter chuh Secretary, Council of Higher Secondary Education Manipur(COHSEM) a kipia’n, tichun Vaiphei MIL for Class X&XII chuh COHSEM in introduce bawlna Notification chuh No.3/3/2009-HSC(1) dated 17/6/2009 in a hun sua kit ta’i. Zia dungzui in, Session 2009-2010 ah Class XI chuleh, Session 2010-2011 ah Class XII mat pat a hung hi kit ta’i.
EDITORIAL BOARD
Vaiphei (MIL) Class IX & X
1) Henzagen Vaiphei Retd. District Statistical Officer (2) Tongneilal Vaiphei, Assoc. Professor
(3) Liankhawthang, Headmaster (4) ThangzadamVaiphei, Asst. Teacher (5) Khaizakap Khaute, Sr. Assistant, MU
6) Lunneikhup, Assoc. Professor
Vaiphei (MIL) Class XI & XII
1) Henzagen Vaiphei (2) Tongneilal Vaiphei (3) C Luna Vaiphei (4) TP Gensiamlal
VLS SEMINAR LEH WORKSHOP A PANNA KHENKHATTE
* Vaiphei Pau ziak dan thu ah consultative meeting on Feb 15, 1999 at EOC Secretariat, D. Phailian
* Workshop and Seminar on Vaiphei Literature on 13/11/1999 at Synod Hall, CCPur
* Spelling thu ah VLS Executive leh Vaiphei Bible Translation Committee joint meeting on 3/5/ 2001 at EOC Secretariat, D Phailian
* Textbook/Subject chungchang ah VLS managing committee leh Intellectual circle/Special Invi tee meeting on 12/10/2002 at LVC Church, Lamphel
* One day Coaching cum Orientation programmee on Vaiphei MIL on 30/9/2006 at N.Lambulane. Class X student 17 vai leh hotu khenkhat pang
* Vaiphei MIL Class IX&X Grammar textbook releasing programme at Synod hall on 11th Aug. 2010. Chief Guest-P.Vaiphei IAS(VLS kithuapina Rs 3000/-pia);
* Zia gual programme ma chuh 12/5/07 ni in VPC office, Red cross road ah mat a hi. Zillai 18 vel leh MIL hotu khenkhat pang
* BSEM saina nuai ah, National Curriculam Framework dung ah Subject thak siam ding chungchang Seminar, BSEM office on 23/7/2007
* TRI auditorium hall, chingmeirong ah Publication of Tribal textbook chungchang ah seminar on 29/11/2007
* Workshop on Adult Education on post literacy subject 10th-14th Dec. 2007 at Circuit House, Sanjenthong
* Orientation programmee for Class IX&X Compound church, D Phailaian ah 1/2/08 ni kimang. Zillai 42 vai leh MIL hotu khenkhat pang
* Zillai MIL student Seminar on 30/5/08 at Synod Hall
* Language workshop & seminar on 11th-15th Nov. 2008 at TRI, Chingmeirong.
* Vaiphei Pau mat dan & Thuphuak(Vaiphei Grammar & Composition) for Class IX & X lekhabu hawndawna programmee on 13/9/2006 at Synod Hall. Zia ni Lawi upa kikote leh kithuapina a hun piak dan uh: Chief Guest-Pu T Manga Vaiphei MLA(Rs 20,000); Guest of Honour-Pu Henlianthang Thanglet CEO CCpur ADC(Rs.5000); Functional President-Pu Khatkhotong Baite, President VPC HQ(Rs.1500).
* One day Seminar on Vaiphei (MIL) Literature on 16th Oct 2013 at Mount Moreh Public School, Moreh.( Pu S.L Lunzapao Vaiphei, Principle Moreh college in Lekhabu sukna ding leh Seminar bawlna kitna ding in Rs. 10000/- a tuak hi)
COUNCIL OF TRIBAL LANGUAGES & LITERATURE SOCIETIES
Manipur ah Tribal Language 10 recognised kibawlte Literature society of Hmar, Kom, Mao, Mizo/Lushai, Paite, Ruangmei,Tangkhul, Thadou/Kuki, Vaiphei leh Zou kigawm hin 2009 kum in, Council of Tribal Language & Literature Societies, Manipur kiti council khat a kiphudawk hi. Zia Council hin, Manipur ah Thingtang pau leh Literature suktup leh siam phatna ding in pan nasa tak a hun la, State Govt. kiang in State policy on Develpoment of Tribal Language leh Tribal MIL a ding ah Budget siam ding in a phut hi. Deputy Chief Minister, Hill Areas Committee Chairman, Education Minister, TD Minister leh Governor tite haw kimupi in, Govt kiang ah phutna nasatak a piakna ziak in, State Govt. in 2014 kum in, Language Planning and Implementation Directorate chuam khat mawng mawng a hun phudawk ta’i. Tu hin a hileh, MIL textbook haw Govt. in ei suk piak bep hilo in, Literature societyte office expenses haw le ei kithuapi ding a hi ta’i. Chuleh, MIL teacher ding le Govt in appoint ei bawl piak ding a hi ta’i.
CONCLUSION
Ka ziak tam ah ka kiphalam thim hi. A hi’n lah, a chawm lam thei pen ah kiziak a hi nalai hi. Tu nung ah VLS chungchang hun sui nuam/research bawl nuamte’n Reference ah a hun mat thei dingu in, chipchial diak in kiziak leh pha zaw diak ding in ginchat a um hi.
Literature thiam leh a lunglut ka hi pua’i. Literature mamaw sakna ziak leh, i tu i chateu in tingtang mi dang pau(MIL) ah i insung ah lekha a sim sim ziang tak ziaku leh, tu nung ah i tuu leh chateu in, lekhasimna’h ei pau sang ah mi pau a hun mat khak dingu pawisakna nei ziak ah zia gual pan hun kila a hi zaw’i. A hi’n lah, zia gual ah kum bangzat a h’em VLS in gim leh chawl ah Vaiphei pau leh literature siam phatna ding pan a lak zing lai in, tu tiang ah pau ziak dan ah uniformity a um thei nailo leh, Vaiphei Grammar i mat/zui nawp lou hih thil da um tak chuh a hi’i. Pau hih i thaw(holimna/kaitan pau)gual gual ah ziak guat ding a hi pua;n, grammar dungzui ah (pau thungpi pawt ding ah)ziak ding a hi’i; ti hih hiat a pawimaw hi. Spoken leh written a kibat ding ti a um pua’i. Zia ziak ah hin kuale, Vaiphei pau ah lekha ziakte leh a hun ziak ding zosia in, grammar (a bik tak ah a spelling leh word combination) mat dik gua ta ding in i kichial hi. Vaiphei grammar hih, kua a h’em khat in a phuak kawm or siam kawm dan in ngai pua’i tiu. Lekha kiziak tamna pen leh literature thezâk tam pen, kochuamte a hi ziaku’n, kochuam lam ah lekha ziakte a mawpuaknau a lian hi.
William Carey : Bible leh Labute suk ding a lah kiti lai ah khan, grammar kibuaipi leh bangtik in le kisu man pua’n a i la tiu hi. Tu hin I Bible leh I Labuteu hih I et leh chang khatcha ziang le a kiziak dik a kimu zo pua;i. Sap Missionary Willaim Carey khan India a hung lut til lai in nam chuam chuamte pau ah Bible translate a bawl piak ding phat leh, a pauu Grammar a siam piak masa sek hi.
Pau a neu chuam um lo: Mysore ah Linguistic Department ah Deputy Director chuh Manipur University ah seminar khat a kibawlna ah chun hih ti’n a lah gen hi, “Nam a hi leh, a lian a neu a um ngei in, Pau a hi leh, a lian a neu a um chuam pua’i, nam zosia’n i nawp nawp gen theina i nei ziaku in”. Zia ziak ah hin, Vaiphei pau hin Grammar nei kham pau hi zo lo ding in gêl pua hi tiu.
Vaiphei Grammar :English Grammar gual tho in, Vaiphei Grammar ah le Parts of speech 8 a um tho hi.1.Noun: chi 6 ah kikhen,2. Pronoun: chi 9 ah kikhen; 3. Adjective: Chi 8 ah kikhen; 4.Verb: Chi 3 ah kikhen; 5. Adverb: Chi 9 ah kikhen; 6. Postposition: Chi pali ah kikhen; 7. Conjunction: Chi 14 ah kikhen; 8.Interjection: Chi 6 ah kikhen. (VAIPHEI GRAMMAR ah en in). Vaiphei pau in le Grammar a nei hi!!! A pian ah kipat vaklo, chalo, dawtdailo,pualimlo,thanghuai, Nauchaga chavai a lah hi’i.
Nam Identity: Pau hih nam identity khat a hi ziak in a mangcha theit’n a kimat chiatu a hi;n; zia gual ah chun Puandum leh Khiangkawi puan le nam identity a hi’i. Mi a thi phatu leh a Nampuanu a kikhu seku a hi’i.
Vaiphei pau i ziak phatu leh common mistake khenkhat hun taklang ka.
(A) ‘Aw’ kaichawmna ding ah ‘O’mat lo ding
eg ‘Kawt’ tina ding ah ‘Kot’ tilo di
(B) ‘in’ leh ‘ah’ hih word dang tawh gawp lo di, a chuam ah ziak di.
post position leh auxiliary verb ah kimang thei gel gel a hiu.
* Noun a zui tak leh post position
eg School in ka chia hi(noun nung ah hung)
Seminar School ah um di
* Verb a zui tak leh auxiliary verb
eg Kap in; chia in(verb nung zui)
Khên ah; hêk ah
(C) Apostrophy hih,
(i) Letter missing thasang ah mat di
eg Lalpa’n = Lalpa in (apostrophy hih ‘i’ thasang ah kimang)
‘a hem’ ti lo di, ‘a h’em’ ti zawk di (‘a h’em’ hih ‘a hi em’ tina a hi)
(ii) Long sound(awi sau) ah mat lo di
eg Tu’ hin (John 11:39), hi’te (Rev 21:27)
* I kai sau nawp leh zia gual hin ziak di: tû hin; hîte
NB: Vaiphei grammar hih tamtak te’n apostrophy a tam taluai a ti seku’n, a tam ding him a hi. Spoken words ah kaichawm i hâ mat ziak un, a pau diktak(original words) suklatna ding ah apostrophy(letter missing thasang ah) kimang a hi.
etsakna: A hi em ti thasang ah A hem kiti ziang
La hung ta em ti thasang ah La hung tam kiti ziang
Kei in tina ding ah Ken kiti ziang
(D) Pronoun phawt phawt(eg i, a,..)hih word chuam ah ziak di
diklo dik
ipa ipu, i pa i pu,
ahi, ah’em, apa a hi, a h’em, a pa
pua’na pua’n a
ina; inau in a; in au (‘au’ hi ‘a’ plural)
Thansua: Tu’n chuh Vaiphei Pau hih, Englih, Hindi, Manipuri tite tawh(Manipur sung ah) liang khat ah kilangkai a hi tak ziak in, “Vaiphei Literature Sosiety” hih Thansua ah kingai a hi ta hi.
